Abnormal Uterine Bleeding (AUB): Cause, Types, Treatment

What is Abnormal Uterine Bleeding?

Abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) is a disease that affects every woman someday in her life.

Abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) is one of the most usual gynaecologic issues that occur most regularly in women at the starting point and end of their reproductive lives. Also called Dysfunctional Uterine Bleeding (DUB).

The leading cause of abnormal uterine bleeding is a sex hormone imbalance in women. When girls have experienced puberty and women come into Menopause, an imbalanced hormone level for years and months. That results in heavy bleeding and irregular bleeding. It is lightweight compared to an average menstrual period. An Often have brown, pink, or light red.

AUB is rarely due to structural problems in teenage (16,17). The anovulatory cycle discussed below can manifest as amenorrhea, oligomenorrhea, or HMB due to the immature hypothalamic – pituitary – ovarian axis, the most common cause of AUB teenage.

AUB is reported to happen in 7 to 14% of women between menarche and Menopause. The prevalence varies country. In India, the informed majority of AUB is around 17.9%.

About 30% of women who bleed during the first 12 weeks of pregnancy may experience some normal spotting within six to 13 days after holding a fertilized egg in the uterus lining.

The initial approach to the nonpregnant reproductive-age AUB will be re An overview of genital tract bleeding in female cases, terminology regarding AUB, bleeding during pregnancy, and postmenopausal bleeding is discussed separately.

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Table of Contents

What are symptoms of abnormal uterine bleeding?

  • Menorrhagia 
  • Bleeding at unusual times (periods, after sex, during Menopause)
  • Unusually long periods (seven days or more)
  • bleeding that contains clots 
  • Breast tenderness
  • Bloating 
  • Mood swings

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Other common symptoms of Abnormal Uterine Bleeding: 

If you have any following severe Symptoms, immediately contact your gynaecologist.

  • Dizziness or Weaknesses
  • Pain 
  • Soaking a pad every hour
  • Low blood pressure

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What causes abnormal uterine bleeding?

Most common Causes of Abnormal Uterine Bleeding

  • If a hormonal imbalance occurs, the endometrial develops in excess & eventually sheds by way of heavy menstrual bleeding. Dysfunctional of the ovaries:
  • Lack of ovulation (anovulation) may cause a hormonal imbalance & result in menorrhagia.
  • Women ages 40 to 50 are at expend chance of hormonal changes that lead to anovulatory cycles.

     

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Can abnormal uterine bleeding cause complications?

Not that much….but in certain conditionsAbnormal uterine bleeding is a temporary condition. Once the sex hormones are regulated, the bleeding decreases typically.

The main complication of heavy bleeding is ANEMIA. If you have anemia during significant blood loss, your physician treats it with vitamin supplements and minerals.   

Read: Severe Anemia In Pregnancy

Types of abnormal uterine bleeding

Polymenorrhea:  This term Frequent, regular periods that occur 21 days. 

Oligomenorrhea: Infrequent menstruation >35 days.

Menorrhagia: Prolonged or excessive bleeding lasting longer than seven days that occur at regular intervals.   

Metrorrhagia: Periods that occur at irregular intervals. 

Menometrorrhagia: Frequent, excessive & prolonged bleeding that occurs at irregular intervals. 

Postmenopausal bleeding: Any bleeding that occurs more than six months  After the last average menstrual period at Menopause.

How is abnormal uterine bleeding diagnostic evaluation?

Your doctor will question you regarding regular health check-up reports. These answers will help them control your risks for generative disorders, like endometriosis.

If you’re taking any medication, like birth control or other pills, discuss with your doctor compulsory. 

Blood Tests:  Blood tests to calculate your hormone levels and blood counts. 

Ultrasound:  Your doctor suggests ultrasound view your organs. This inspection will take out whether you have any abnormal growth. It can help to lose internal bleeding.

Endometrial Biopsy:  Abnormal growth is causing the bleeding so that the sample can be taken of uterine tissues.

When to see a doctor about abnormal uterine bleeding?

If you do not have a monthly period or more than one period per month, you will have to see a doctor. If they experience bleeding after Menopause, and if they experience bleeding while pregnant.

If you have any experiencing any of the following situations, immediately contact your gynecologist:

  • Severe pain or fever
  • Unusual hair growth
  • Weight gain or loss
  • Vaginal bleeding so heavy it dips at least one pad or tampons or menstrual cup an hour for more than a few hours. 
  • Bleeding between periods or irregular vaginal bleeding.
  • Any vaginal bleeding after Menopause.

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Medication

  • Endometriosis
  • Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID)
  • Thyroid problem (hypothyroidism) 
  • Liver and kidney disease
  • Birth control medicine
  • Coumadin and hormonal agents

Abnormal uterine bleeding treatment

There are several treatments for abnormal uterine bleeding. Sometimes, in many cases of puberty, no action is taken because the hormones correct themselves.

 A simple treatment for AUB is a mixture of oral contraceptives. Synthetic and progesterone are both used to control the menstrual cycle. 

Contraceptive methods and some IUDs, and the insert can also use as a hormonal treatment. If you are not trying to conceive, your doctor may suggest using these as a treatment option.

The bleeding is too heavy, and low-dose medicines are not an option. Can manage estrogen can until the bleeding subsides a followed by progestin to equal opportunity the hormones.

When your uterine cells are abnormal, your doctor may order an extra biopsy after treatment.

Conclusion

Hormone therapy relieves symptoms. Treatment is not needed if you do not develop anemia due to blood loss. A treatment of AUB focused on the cause of the bleeding is often immediately effective. That is why it is necessary to know the cause.

Contact your medical professional if you have unusual vaginal bleeding.

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