It is an immune-mediated demyelinating disease of the CNS. Demyelination refers to the destruction of myelin, the fatty and protein material surrounding the nerve fibers into the brain and spinal cord, lead to impaired nerve impulse transmission.

Definition

It is a chronic, progressive, degenerative and autoimmune disease of the Central Nervous System characterized by the neurons’ demyelination.

When demyelination occurs, the transmission of nerve impulses slows down.

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Causes

Unknown
The immune system attacks its tissue, so it is considered an autoimmune disease.

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Other causes of multiple sclerosis

Some causes and risk factors that may make MS more likely include:

Infections
Smoking
Obesity
Nutritional deficiencies
Diet
Toxins

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Is multiple sclerosis genetic?

Some genes are believed to play a role in multiple sclerosis. Your chance of developing multiple sclerosis is higher if a close relative, parent or sibling, has the disease.

If your sibling or parent has multiple sclerosis, your lifetime risk for getting it is estimated to be around 3 percent.

Many people have a relative with MS. Some researchers found that 49 out of the 150 individuals reported at least one relative with MS over 35 years.

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Is multiple sclerosis fatal?

Multiple sclerosis is rarely fatal, and life expectancy is only a matter of months. Concerns about prognosis center primarily on the quality of life and disability probabilities. Most patients view MS as a continuously progressive, irreversibly disabling disease.

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Risk Factor

Age –20-50 years of age
Gender –female
Specific infection –Epstein Barr virus
Smoking
Autoimmune disease

Pathophysiology

Due to etiological factors

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The immune system activates against own body.

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Produce antibody against the myelin sheath

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Antibody attack myelin sheath of CNS

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Progressive damage of myelin sheath in CNS

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Defect in the transmission of nerve impulses

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Multiple Sclerosis

Signs and Symptoms

Numbness in one or more limbs
Tremor, lack of coordination, or unsteady gait
Partial or complete loss of vision
Prolonged double vision
Breathing difficulty
Blurry vision
Slurred speech
Fatigue
Dizziness
Problems with sexual, bowel, and bladder function

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Diagnosis and treatment

A doctor diagnoses multiple sclerosis Trusted Source based on symptoms and ruling out potential causes. It requires a combination of medical questions, blood tests, and imaging scans of the brain and spinal cord.

There are some treatment option includes:

Disease-modifying drugs
Pain medication
Psychoactive drugs
Physical and occupational therapy

To learn more, you can read: How Do You Get Bell’s Palsy?

Diet of Multiple Sclerosis

If you have the problem of multiple sclerosis, then you should avoid the consumption of saturated fat. It is present in animal meat. This can lead to cancer, heart disease, and many other health problems.

People suffering from this disease must include foods rich in omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids in the diet. You will get omega-3 from salmon fish and omega-6 from dry fruits, sunflower oil.

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People who are overweight and they are also struggling with this disease, then do not try to lose weight by consuming a low-carb diet.

Fatigue is felt more in this disease. If you follow a low-carb diet, there will be a severe lack of energy in the body. It would help if you consumed plenty of fresh fruits, green leafy vegetables, whole grains to get energy.

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It would also be healthy for you to consume dairy products. If you want, you can consume low-fat dairy products. Drink lots of milk and curd. They are rich in calcium and vitamin D, which will keep your bones strong, and you will also avoid multiple sclerosis.

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If you are suffering from MS, you can also strengthen your immunity through vitamin D.

Along with food, the sun’s rays are the primary source of vitamin D.

The more you include green and colorful vegetables in your diet, the more you can reduce the risk of multiple sclerosis. The antioxidants and vitamins in these vegetables nourish the myelin (a type of nerve in the middle of the nervous system).

To learn more, you can read: Is Spinach Good For You?

The use of drugs causes constipation. Some people have more problems with constipation when they have multiple sclerosis. In such a situation, to keep the stomach clean, digest food, and avoid constipation, you should include more fiber in the food.

If you consume fiber-rich fruits and vegetables, then the complaint of constipation will go away.

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Complication

Paralysis
Epilepsy
Muscle spasm
Depression
Mental changes –mood swings or forgetfulness
Bladder, bowel, and sexual dysfunction

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Conclusion

Multiple sclerosis is a severe illness. Many people experiencing it may struggle to understand the cause.

Multiple sclerosis is a chronic and continuous disease. There is no treatment, but some cure reduces symptoms. In many Multiple sclerosis cases, treatment may even send the disease into remission, allowing a person to live symptom-free for long periods.

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Still have any questions about Multiple sclerosis? Ask in the comments section!

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Is Multiple Sclerosis Genetic? | Is Multiple Sclerosis Fatal?