What Is Mood Disorder?: Symptoms, Causes, And Treatment

Bipolar Mood Disorder

• Stage of sadness, mania in the same patient at different times. A bipolar mood disorder classifies into bipolar I and bipolar II disorder (DSMIV).

Bipolar I

• A person with cyclic episodes of having mania and depression in that person has at least one episode of mania with overactivity, irritable mood, and at least one episode of depression inpatient life with grief, sadness, and worthless symptoms at a different interval in life.

Bipolar II

• In that patient is having episodes of hypomania and severe depression.
• Bipolar II mood disorder is the cyclic episode of hypomania and severe depression.
• Hypo manic mood is not a stage of extreme manic mood, but it is an elevated mood than the everyday mood. Elevated mood cause problem with daily work and socialization.
• Severe depression is the same as Bipolar-I disorder.

Must read: Mania And Hypomania: Symptoms, Causes, And Treatment

Causes of bipolar mood disorder:

• Genetic factors:
• Biochemical factors
• Neuroendocrine factors
• Brain imaging

I also covered Cognitive Behavioral Therapy For Bipolar Disorder in depth. Must read.

Genetic factors: 

• Children with one parent having bipolar disorder have a risk of 27% of lifetime risk; children with both parents having bipolar disorder are 74%.
• The danger in monozygotic twins is 65%, and dizygotic twins are 20%. 

Biochemical factors:

• Catecholamine’s abnormality (increased nor-epinephrine, dopamine, and serotonin) in mania and (decreased nor-epinephrine, dopamine, and serotonin) in depression
• Acetylcholine and GABA may also play a role.

Neuroendocrine factors:

• Hypothyroidism, Cushing’s disease, and Addison’s disease. Like endocrine disorder lead to bipolar mood disorder.

Recurrent Depressive Disorder

• In that is having mild, moderate, severe depression along with psychotic symptoms.

Read: Is Adjustment Disorder With Anxiety A Mental Illness?

In mild to moderate depression:

• Sadness
• Sad facial expression
• Slow thought process

In moderate to severe depression:

• Suicidal tendency
• Hallucination
• Delusion
• Self-centric

Persistent Mood Disorder

• (Cyclothymia and Dysthymia)

Must see this article: Dysthymia Depression: Causes, Symptoms, Treatment

Cyclothymia:

• The patient is having mood symptoms for more than two years.
• In which there mild elation or mild depressive mood. Significant and low mood change symptoms.
• Hypomanic patients will have excessive physical activity, agitation, irritable mood, poor judgment, and low concentration.

Read: Cognitive Behavioral Therapy For ADHD Child

Dysthymia :

• (Neurotic/ reactive depression) is a chronic, mild depressive state persisting for months or years? It is less severe than a central depression. In dysthymia person has suicidal ideation, social work is affected, poor judgment, and memory impairment.
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