What Is Delirium Tremens?

Delirium is a mental disorder in that the patient has problems thinking, paying attention, and concentration, unaware of time, place, person, disturbed speech, and hallucination. (in that misinterpretation in the absence of stimuli). A person can do physical activities but with some confusion. It is due to mental trauma, head injury, brain tumor, drug overdose or withdrawal, or any brain degenerative disease.

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Causes of delirium

Brain dysfunction due to high blood pressure, cerebral problem, internal bleeding into the brain
Infection such as encephalitis, meningitis, abnormal cell growth or cancerous growth in any lesions of the brain.
Any over drunkness of alcohol or substances or withdrawal effect of the sedatives or hypnotic drugs.
Trauma due to head injury that causes laceration into the brain.
Vitamin deficiency such as thiamine deficiency.
Endocrine and metabolic disorder such as diabetic coma, shock, hepatic failure
Metals: heavy metals ( manganese, mercury, ) ,carbon monoxide, toxins .poisoning
Lack of oxygen in the brain.
Anemia

Predisposing factors that can influence delirium

Male gender
Sensory impairment
Advanced age
Dementia
History of alcohol abuse

The precipitating factor that influences delirium

Any factors that affect neurotransmitter, neuroendocrine, can precipitate an episode of fever vulnerable brain.
Hypoglycemia
Endocrine disorder
Infection
Malnutrition
Dehydration
Anemia
Increased carbon dioxide into the blood.

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Signs and symptoms of delirium

Confused thinking
The problem in paying and sustaining the attention
Illusion(misinterpretation in the presence of stimuli)
Hallucination(misconception in the presence of stimuli)
Hyperactivity: restless, irritability, anger, wondering, laughing
Hypo activity: lack of emotions, tiredness
Aimless activity
Loss of sleep
Depression
Fear
Drowsiness
Impairment in recent, remote, and immediate memory.

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Diagnostic evolution of delirium

To diagnose delirium tremens, your doctor will conduct a physical exam, look at your past medical history, and ask questions about your symptoms.

Some other tests

Blood magnesium level
Electrocardiograph
Toxicology
Screen

Treatment of delirium

Delirium tremens is a medical emergency that requires hospitalization. Treatment is focused first on saving the individual’s life, preventing complications, and minimizing the symptoms.

The medications are used to treat Delirium tremens include Ativan and Librium. Medications may help relieve the anxiety and acute alcohol withdrawal.

These treatments may incorporate group therapy, support groups, and cognitive-behavioral therapy.

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Fluid Nutrition

liquid and nutrition status should be maintained properly to keep the body hydrated and healthy.

For the patient suspected of having alcohol withdrawal, therapy should include multivitamins, especially thiamine.

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What Is Delirium Tremens?: Types, Cause, and Treatment