What Is Glaucoma Of The Eye?: Symptoms, Causes, Treatment

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What Is Glaucoma Of The Eye?

Glaucoma is also known as a black cataract. Most cases of black cataracts do not show any symptoms or cause pain, so it is believed that it can become a significant cause of blindness. In black cataracts, the optic nerve of our eyes is pressurized, causing great harm to them.

Glaucoma is not a solo disease.it is a group of disorders expressed by 

(1) increased IOP(intraocular pressure)and the consequences of elevated glaucoma pressure,

(2) Optic nerve atrophy

(3) Peripheral visual field loss

Intraocular pressure is regulated by the formation and reabsorption of aqueous humor. The presence of glaucoma is directly related to the balance or imbalance of this fluid.

glaucoma pressure range
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Table of Contents

Causes of glaucoma

Elevated Intraocular pressure. 

 The rate of inflowing is greater than the quality of normal limits flow. IOP can rise above normal limits. If Intraocular pressure remains elevated, permanent vision loss may occur.

 Primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) represents 90% of the cases of primary glaucoma. In POAG, the outflowing of aqueous humor is decreasing in the trabecular meshwork.

 Primary angle-closure glaucoma represents approximately 10%of the total number of glaucoma cases in the United States. As the name implies, the mechanism reducing the outflow of aqueous is angle closure. Usually, this is because of the lens bulging forward as a result of an age-related process.

 Angle-closure may also occur due to pupil dilation in the patient with anatomically narrow angles. Dilation causes peripheral iris bulging with the same outcome of covering the trabecular meshwork and blocking the outflow channels.

 In secondary glaucoma, increased IOP results from other ocular or systemic conditions that may block the outflow channels.

Secondary glaucoma may be associated with inflammatory processes that stop the outflow channels, such as trauma, trauma, and ocular neoplasms.

I also wrote a article on Life After Retinal Detachment Surgery also you can read.

Signs and symptoms

  • Gradually loss of vision
  • Pain around eyes
  • Nausea
  • Vomiting
  • Blurred vision edema

Diagnostic

  • History and physical examination
  • Visual acuity measurement
  • Tonometry
  • Ophthalmoscopy (direct and indirect)
  • Slit-lamp microscopy
  • Gonioscopy
  • Visual field perimetry
  • Fundus photography

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Treatment

Treatment for glaucoma (black cataract) may include surgery, laser treatment, or medication, depending on the severity. Eye drops with medication intended to reduce IOP are usually first tried to control glaucoma (black cataract).

Because glaucoma (black cataract) disease often does not cause pain, many people become careless about the use of eye drops to control eye pressure and help prevent permanent eye damage.

Not correctly using prescribed glaucoma (black cataract) medicines is a significant cause of blindness caused by glaucoma (black cataract). If you feel uncomfortable, then consult your eye doctor about any possible alternative medicine first. 

  • Drugs therapy
  • Adrenergic blockers
  •  C-adrenergic agonists
  •  Cholinergic agents (miotics)
  •  Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors

 

Surgical therapy

  • Argon laser trabeculoplasty (ALT)
  • Trabeculectomy with or without filtering implant
  • Topical cholinergic agent
  • Hyperosmotic agent
  • Laser peripheral iridotomy
  • Surgical iridectomy

Here are a few hand-picked guides for you to read next:

Do you have any questions about choosing the best treatment for early and long lasting recovery? Ask in the comments!

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