1.Spina Bifida Occulta
In occulta, the outer part of the vertebrae does not close completely. It is the most frequent and most benign neural tube defect. There is defective closure of the posterior arch and laminae of the vertebrae, usually L5 and S1.
There is no protrusion of meninges, but the spinal cord’s dysplasia is a prominent feature. Most of the cases are asymptomatic
It further divided into two
Meningocele – Protective coverings are repressed through openings in the vertebrae and form a herniation. Corrective surgery is the treatment choice.
Myelomeningocele – Vertebrae fail to fuse and the coverings of the spinal cord. And spinal nerves. Spinal nerves and spinal cords become damaged.
2.Spina Bifida Cystica
That is bone defects seen in the vertebral column that cause cleft in the column.
Types of spina bifida cystica
(A) Meningocele: It is the least type of spina bifida cystica; meningocele is the sac forming a spinal fluid and not having neural tissues in the pouch, and developed between the vertebras.
(B) Myelomeningocele : This type of spina bifida, and it causes severe complications. In myelomeningocele, there is a protrusion of the spinal column and do not close before birth.
Exposure of spinal tissues and nerves cause the infections and life-threatening conditions in the baby.